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		<title>Are We Consuming Enough Omega-3 Fatty Acids In Our Diet?</title>
		<link>http://www.doctoranabolic.com/?p=6</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Dec 2009 23:45:44 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ALA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DHA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EPA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fish oil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[omega 3s]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Are we consuming enough Omega 3 Fatty Acids in our diet?
This is a two part question:

We need to know our current dietary intake of Omega-3s
We need to know if our Omega-3/Omega-6 ratio is correct.

Current Dietary Intake of Omega-3s

In 2004 the Agency for Healthcare Research &#38; Quality contracted Tufts-New England Medical Center to perform a comprehensive [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Are we consuming enough Omega 3 Fatty Acids in our diet?</p>
<p>This is a two part question:</p>
<ol>
<li>We need to know our current dietary intake of Omega-3s</li>
<li>We need to know if our Omega-3/Omega-6 ratio is correct.</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>Current Dietary Intake of Omega-3s<br />
</strong></p>
<p>In 2004 the Agency for Healthcare Research &amp; Quality contracted Tufts-New England Medical Center to perform a comprehensive examination of two representative samples of the American population. The results are as follows:</p>
<p style="text-align: center">
<p style="text-align: center; "><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-10" title="fish1" src="http://doctoranabolic.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/fish1.jpg" alt="fish1" width="610" height="158" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-11" title="fish2" src="http://doctoranabolic.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/fish2.jpg" alt="fish2" width="590" height="189" /></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt">Interestingly, Tufts observed that <strong>only 25% </strong>of the first sample reported <strong>any amount of daily EPA or DHA intake</strong>, indicating an enormous skew.<br />
</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt">The study concludes:<br />
</span></p>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt">Men consume significantly less ALA than women.<br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt">Adults consume more ALA than youths.<br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt">Subjects with a history of CVD (cardiovascular disease) consume less ALA than those without CVD.<br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">People who had a Poverty Index Ratio index (PIR) of </span><span style="font-family:Symbol"></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">1.3 consumed less ALA and LA than people who had a PIR &gt;1.3.<br />
</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt">Non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Mexican Americans all had a significantly higher intake of both ALA and LA compared to other groups.<br />
</span></li>
</ol>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; ">Another study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition examined over 33,000 men who had benign prostate enlargement between 1986-1994. This study found the following:</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-12" title="fish3" src="http://doctoranabolic.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/fish3.jpg" alt="fish3" width="622" height="484" /></p>
<p style="text-align: left; ">Please note that these data are given by quintile, not mean (average). The circled numbers are the 3rd quintile (60%). This is likely higher than the mean in this case.</p>
<p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt">Taken together, we have the following data:</span></p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Average American Omega-3 Intake (AJCN depicts 3rd Quintile)</span></p>
<div style="text-align: center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse" border="0">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 84px;"></col>
<col style="width: 118px;"></col>
<col style="width: 89px;"></col>
<col style="width: 92px;"></col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  none; border-right:  none" valign="bottom"></td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  none" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black"><strong>NHANES Data</strong></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  none" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black"><strong>CSFII Data</strong></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  none" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black"><strong>AJCN Data</strong></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  none; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom"><span style="color:black"><strong>ALA (mg)</strong></span></td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">1330</span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">1300</span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">1010</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  none; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom"><span style="color:black"><strong>EPA (mg)</strong></span></td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">40</span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">28</span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">70</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  none; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom"><span style="color:black"><strong>DHA (mg)</strong></span></td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">70</span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">57</span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border-top:  none; border-left:  none; border-bottom:  solid 0.5pt; border-right:  solid 0.5pt" valign="bottom">
<p style="text-align: center"><span style="color:black">130</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p><strong>Omega-3/Omega-6 Ratio<br />
</strong></p>
<p>Rather than looking at minimum dietary intake of Omega-3s, scientists recommend examining the ratio of Omega-6s to Omega-3s in our diets. This is because the two polyunsaturated fatty acids work synergistically to control many metabolic processes. It has been suggested that humans have evolved on a diet of 1:1 Omega-6s to Omega-3s. The above data yields a ratio of 9:1 to 10:1 Omega-6s to Omega-3s. A very high omega-6/omega-3 ratio promotes the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. On the other hand a low omega-6/omega-3 ratio exerts suppressive effects. Most research today indicates that ratios between 2:1 to 5:1 exert the most suppressive effects, depending on the disease in question.</p>
<p><strong>Sources</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment Number 94. &#8220;Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Disease&#8221; (<a href="http://www.ahrq.gov/downloads/pub/evidence/pdf/o3cardio/o3cardio.pdf">http://www.ahrq.gov/downloads/pub/evidence/pdf/o3cardio/o3cardio.pdf</a>)</li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; ">American Journal Clinical Nutrition 2002;75:689–97 (http://<a href="http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/reprint/75/4/689.pdf">www.ajcn.org/cgi/reprint/75/4/689.pdf</a>)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; ">Biomed Pharmacother. 2002 Oct;56(8):365-79 (<a href="Biomed Pharmacother. 2002 Oct;56(8):365-79 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12442909)">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12442909</a>)</span></li>
</ol>
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